Effluent Treatment Plants, or ETPs, are water pollution control systems designed to treat industrial wastewater. The process removes both biological and physical waste and separates them into two categories: treated water and sludge. These two waste categories are very different in terms of health risks. In an effluent treatment plant, both biological and chemical waste is removed. Physical treatment methods include sedimentation, filtration, aeration, and screening.
The wastewater itself contains microbial pathogens. These are organisms that can transmit diseases to humans. Biodegradable organics are harmful to the environment, including bacteria, viruses, and protozoans. This process is needed to eliminating contaminants and reducing the risks of water-borne diseases and other health problems. Though, the effluent must be cleaned before it can be discharged into water bodies. ETPs can be designed by using different processes techniques.
Common effluent treatment plant (CETP)
What is a Common effluent treatment plant (CETP)?
CETPs are used for treating industrial and domestic wastewater. The treatment process is highly complex and expensive, but it is worth it in the long run. Unlike individual sewage treatment plants, a CETP is designed to treat both industrial and domestic effluents. It is important to note that the wastewater from individual industries typically contains significant concentrations of pollutants, and thus individual treatment becomes too expensive. Therefore, building and operating a large facility is more cost-effective for the entire unit.
ZLD based ETP Plant
What is a ZLD based ETP Plant?
A ZLD based ETP plant uses advanced water treatment technologies to dewater wastewater. The technology has many advantages, but it also has its drawbacks. While these processes can be costly and need additional equipment, they can be used on a smaller scale to minimize water pollution. Moreover, ZLD technologies can also be installed on a large scale to maximize water resources. Thermal technologies are commonly used to reach the ZLD. This process is called multi-effect distillation, or MED.